{"id":387,"date":"2022-09-18T17:53:43","date_gmt":"2022-09-18T17:53:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fastwpdemo.com\/newwp\/finbank\/?page_id=387"},"modified":"2023-03-14T09:48:10","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T06:48:10","slug":"elazig-sanayisinin-tarihcesi-ve-kronolojisi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/elazigtso.org.tr\/tr\/index.php\/elazig-sanayisinin-tarihcesi-ve-kronolojisi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0Elaz\u0131\u011f Sanayisinin Tarih\u00e7esi ve Kronolojisi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Elaz\u0131\u011f Ticaret ve Sanayi Odas\u0131<\/h4>\n

ELAZI\u011e SANAY\u0130S\u0130N\u0130N TAR\u0130H\u00c7ES\u0130 VE KRONOLOJ\u0130S\u0130<\/h3>\n <\/div>\n
\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Cumhuriyetten \u00d6nceki Sanayinin Durumu<\/h2> Elaz\u0131\u011f sanayi tarihi olduk\u00e7a k\u00f6kl\u00fc ve eskiye dayanmaktad\u0131r. Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019\u0131n Cumhuriyetten \u00f6nceki d\u00f6neme ait sanayisini incelerken ilin ge\u00e7mi\u015fini te\u015fkil eden Harput\u2019un sanayi durumuna bakmak gerekmektedir. Harput, XIX.uncu y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131na kadar hatta XX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir ticaret merkezi olma yan\u0131nda imalatta, her s\u0131n\u0131ftan faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u00e7e\u015fitli meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131 \u015feklinde te\u015fkilatlanm\u0131\u015f bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Ticaret hanlar\u0131, 850\u2019ye yak\u0131n ticarethane, faal ticaret kervanlar\u0131 ve iyi ahlak sahibi esnaf\u0131yla tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.\n
\n\u00d6yle ki, Dersaadet Ticaret Gazetesi kay\u0131tlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00dclkemizde ilk kurulan Ticaret Odalar\u0131ndan birinin Harput\u2019ta oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. 1884 y\u0131l\u0131 olarak tescillenen Harput\u2019taki ilk Ticaret Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kurucu ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Sena Kerim Efendi ve 12 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan y\u00f6netim kurulunun ise farkl\u0131 meslek dallar\u0131nda yer alan esnaflardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu kay\u0131tlarda bulunmaktad\u0131r.\n
\nBu d\u00f6nemde, dokuma ve giyim sanayi ile el sanatlar\u0131 sanayi mallar\u0131 imal\u0131 ile ilgili faaliyetler g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r. Hemen hemen her evde pamuk ipli\u011fi yapmaya elveri\u015fli \u00e7\u0131kr\u0131klar ve yine her evde dokuma kuyular\u0131 denilen ev tezgahlar\u0131 mevcuttur. \u00d6zellikle ev tezgahlar\u0131ndan giyimde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7uha (has y\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan maruf kuma\u015f) bezleri dokundu\u011fu gibi kullan\u0131l\u0131r veya \u00e7ok rastlanan \u015fekliyle bu bezlerin \u00fczerine basmac\u0131l\u0131k ve desencilik uygulamalar\u0131 da yap\u0131lmak suretiyle civar illere de sat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.\n
\n\u00d6te yandan, debba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k (derilerden me\u015fin, sahtiyan, k\u00f6sele vs.) yapan 30 -35 imalathane mevcut olup bunlar\u0131n tetir, maz\u0131 ve nar kabu\u011fu kullan\u0131lmak suretiyle me\u015fin ve sahtiyan (tabaklanm\u0131\u015f olan cilal\u0131 deri, bilhassa ke\u00e7i derisi) i\u015fleri yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, bilhassa k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 olanlar\u0131n\u0131n Rusya\u2019ya ihra\u00e7 edildi\u011fi Elaz\u0131\u011f 1. Ekonomi Kurultay\u0131 Kitab\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sanayi tarihi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n
\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 bu imalatlar devam ederken ilk sanayi kurulu\u015fu ipek imalat\u0131 yapan H\u00fcsrevin \u0130pek Fabrikas\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. 60-70 i\u015f\u00e7iyi istihdam eden bu i\u015f yerinde ipek mevsiminde i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 300-400 ki\u015fiye kadar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca fabrikaya ba\u011fl\u0131 bir boyahanede bulunmakta ve dokunan \u00c7\u0131tara (bir ipekle \u00fc\u00e7 pamuktan m\u00fcrekkep kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan meydana gelen bir nevi kuma\u015f) ve kutu i\u00e7i \u00e7ar\u015faflar i\u00e7 piyasaya arz edilirdi.\n
\nDokuma sanayinde 1900 y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 tezgahlarda ipekten \u00e7ar\u015faf ve kuma\u015f, pamuk ipli\u011finden bezler dokunmakta iken bu imalat 1911 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerika\u2019dan getirilen demirden mam\u00fcl el ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan tezgahlarla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli hale gelmi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece o g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu yeni imalat sistemiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Be\u015f Karde\u015fler (Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretmenlerevi Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131) \u0130pek ve \u0130plik Fabrikas\u0131 (Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7imento Fabrikas\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131) ad\u0131 ile an\u0131lan fabrika kurulmu\u015ftur.\n
\nFabrika, ipekli ve pamuklu kuma\u015flar\u0131 imal eden iki k\u0131s\u0131mdan meydana gelmekte idi. Birinci k\u0131s\u0131mda sekiz adet demir tezgahta ipekli kuma\u015flar, ikinci k\u0131s\u0131mda ise 130 adet tahta tezgahta pamuklu kuma\u015flar imal edilmekteydi. Ayr\u0131ca fabrikada bir adet boyahane ile 3 adet elektrik motoru mevcut olup, 200 i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta ve burada dokunan ipekli ve pamuklu kuma\u015flar kalitesinin y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ile aran\u0131p ra\u011fbet g\u00f6rmekteydi.\n
\nDevlet\u00e7e, ordu ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in 1914-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan Be\u015f Karde\u015fler \u0130pek ve \u0130plik Fabrikas\u0131 sava\u015ftan sonra bir m\u00fcddet Hususi Muhasebenin elinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 12.05.1929 tarihinde de Vali Cemal Bey\u2019in \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ve Vilayet Hususi \u0130daresi\u2019nin i\u015ftiraki ile Anonim \u015eirket haline getirilerek i\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. Ancak 01.12.1931 tarihinde 100.000 TL. sermaye ile ELAZ\u0130Z \u0130PEK VE \u0130PL\u0130K T.A.\u015e. kurularak bir s\u00fcre ipek k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bilahare tasfiyesine gidilmi\u015ftir.\n
\nCumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi Sanayisi<\/b>\n
\nkapsamaktad\u0131r. Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra, ekonomik kalk\u0131nma sorununa yeni \u00e7areler aramak ve sava\u015f yetimlerini bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak gayesi ile Devletin Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da kurdu\u011fu \u201cDar\u2019\u00fcl \u0130tam\u0131 San\u2019at Mektebinde demircilik, kundurac\u0131l\u0131k tesviyecilik, dokumac\u0131l\u0131k, trikotaj, marangozluk, mobilyac\u0131l\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcmleriyle yedi \u015fube a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Burada yetim \u00e7ocuklara kabiliyetlerine g\u00f6re san\u2019at \u00f6\u011fretildi\u011fi gibi halk sipari\u015fleri de kabul edilmek suretiyle \u00fcretilen mallar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmakta ve \u00f6zel te\u015febb\u00fcs himaye g\u00f6rerek \u00f6zendirilmekteydi.\n
\nCumhuriyet \u00f6ncesinde ilde kurulan H\u00fcsrevin \u0130pek Fabrikas\u0131 ile Be\u015fkarde\u015fler \u0130pek ve \u0130plik Fabrikas\u0131 ilin bu sekt\u00f6rlerde deneyim sahibi olmas\u0131na vesile olmu\u015ftur. Bu do\u011frultuda, tek bir \u015fahsa ait olan \u015eAYAK KUMA\u015e \u0130MALATHANES\u0130 1929-1930 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle orduya dokudu\u011fu \u015eayak Kuma\u015flar\u0131 ile ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apta ve motorlu bu imalathane olan bu tesis, i\u015fletme sahibinin motor kay\u0131\u015f\u0131 alt\u0131nda kal\u0131p \u00f6lmesi ile kapanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n
\nDokuma ve ipek\u00e7ilik deneyimi bu kez kamu - \u00f6zel te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc birlikteli\u011finde ELAZ\u0130Z \u0130PEK VE \u0130PL\u0130K T.A.\u015e fabrikas\u0131n\u0131n kurmas\u0131 suretiyle kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.\n
\nSekt\u00f6r deneyimi bu kez 09.01.1942 tarihinde 21 kurucu ortak ile Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019\u0131n ilk kooperatif \u015firketi olan ELAZ\u0130Z \u0130PL\u0130K VE DOKUMA K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK SAN\u2019AT KOOPERAT\u0130F\u0130\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131 ile kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n
\nKooperatif 200\u2019e yak\u0131n tezgahta faaliyet g\u00f6stermekte ve g\u00fcnde ortalama 6000 metre bez ve tril dokumak suretiyle piyasadaki itibar\u0131n\u0131 20.12.1948 tarihine kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve bu tarihte faaliyetine son verilmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer taraftan Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019\u0131n yeralt\u0131 servetlerinden g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f madeni Keban il\u00e7esinde devlet\u00e7e 1927 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar i\u015fletilmi\u015f, bu tarihte ara verilen faaliyetlere sonradan 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan Etibank, Keban Simli Kur\u015fun \u0130\u015fletmesi olarak faaliyetine devam etmi\u015ftir.\n
\nYine 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda Maden il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Guleman k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgede bulunan krom cevherlerinin i\u015fletilmesi ve krom cevheri olarak yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla \u015eARK- KROMLARI T.A.\u015e. kurularak faaliyetlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise MAHDUT MESUL\u0130YETL\u0130 \u015eARKKROMLARI \u0130\u015eLETMES\u0130 M\u00dcESSESES\u0130 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda Etibank Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011flanarak krom cevheri \u00fcretimi ve 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilerek ET\u0130BANK \u015eARK KROMLARI-FERRO-KROM \u0130\u015eLETMES\u0130 M\u00dcESSESES\u0130 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda faaliyetini halen s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Kurulu\u015f 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda ET\u0130KROM A.\u015e. GENEL M\u00dcD\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc olarak isim de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.\n
\nElaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yayg\u0131n olmas\u0131 ve kaliteli \u015farap imaline elveri\u015fli \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00fcretiminin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle Tekel \u0130daresi taraf\u0131ndan 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda ELAZI\u011e \u015eARAP FABR\u0130KASI (Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Akp\u0131nar Mahallesinde)kurulmu\u015ftur.\n
\nSonraki y\u0131llarda, yine devlet eliyle, 1956 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan T\u00dcRK\u0130YE \u015eEKER FABR\u0130KALARI A.\u015e. GENEL M\u00dcD\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 ELAZI\u011e \u015eEKER FABR\u0130KASI\u2019s\u0131, (Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc OSB Yan\u0131) 1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u015fletmeye a\u00e7\u0131lan ELAZI\u011e ALTINOVA \u00c7\u0130MENTO SANAY\u0130\u0130 T.A.\u015e FABR\u0130KASI,(Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Aksaray Mahallesi) 1968 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u015fletmeye a\u00e7\u0131lan ELAZI\u011e ET KOMB\u0130NASI 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve daha sonra kapanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sivrice il\u00e7esinde i\u015fletmeye a\u00e7\u0131lan AZOT SANAY\u0130 T.A.\u015e.ye ba\u011fl\u0131 ELAZI\u011e (S\u0130VR\u0130CE) S\u00dcPERFOSFAT FABR\u0130KASI kurulmu\u015ftur.\n
\nYukar\u0131da s\u0131ralanan sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 olarak Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da o d\u00f6nemde \u00e7e\u015fitli sanayi kollar\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren ve \u015fehrin eski yerle\u015fim yerlerinde a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan i\u015fletmelerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 da \u015funlard\u0131r. 10 Adet oto tamir at\u00f6lyesi, 12 adet kereste at\u00f6lyesi, 15 torna at\u00f6lyesi, 3 adet d\u00f6k\u00fcmhane, 20 adet muhtelif tamirhane, 5 adet radyat\u00f6r tamircisi, 3 adet ak\u00fc tamircisi ve imalathanesi, 8 adet mozaik ve karo, b\u00fcz imalathanesi, testi, su kab\u0131, saks\u0131, k\u00fcp, \u00e7\u00f6mlek imalathaneleri, 2 adet buzhane ve so\u011fuk hava deposu, 1 adet fabrikasyon standartlar\u0131nda imalatta bulunan kundura imalathanesidir.\n
\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 krom yataklar\u0131ndan birinin Elaz\u0131\u011f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bulunmas\u0131 ve burada \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan krom cevherlerinin i\u015flenmeden ihrac\u0131 hem \u00fclke ekonomisi, hem de b\u00f6lge ve Elaz\u0131\u011f i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik kay\u0131pt\u0131. Bu kayb\u0131 gidermek \u00fczere 1977 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen ET\u0130BANK FERROKROM FABR\u0130KASI i\u015fletmeye a\u00e7\u0131larak y\u00fcksek karbonlu ferrokrom \u00fcretimine ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n
\nKeban Baraj\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ok say\u0131da vatanda\u015f\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 istimlak bedelleriyle KEBAN HOLD\u0130NG A.\u015e. 1969 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015ftirak olarak kurmu\u015ftur.\n
\nBunlar bug\u00fcnk\u00fc havaalan\u0131 yolu \u00fczerinde OSB giri\u015finde \u201c KEBAN HOLD\u0130NG VE ORTAKLARI PLAST\u0130K SANAY\u0130 ANON\u0130M \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130\u201d,\u201dKEBAN HOLD\u0130NG VE ORTAKLARI BETON SANAY\u0130 ANON\u0130M \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130\u201d ve \u201cELAZI\u011e BAKIRLARI L\u0130M\u0130TED \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130\u201ddir. Bu \u015firketlerden ilk ikisinin yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ise bak\u0131r ve prit rezervlerinin tespiti ile kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n
\nDaha sonra kurulan \u015firketler ise; \u201cKEBAN HOLD\u0130NG VE ORTAKLARI A\u011eIN DER\u0130C\u0130L\u0130K SANAY\u0130 ANON\u0130M \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130\u201d, \u201cKEBAN HOLD\u0130NG VE ORTAKLARI DEM\u0130R-\u00c7EL\u0130K SANAY\u0130 ANON\u0130M \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130\u201d, \u201cKEBAN HOLD\u0130NG VE ORTAKLARI K\u00d6M\u00dcR SANAY\u0130 ANON\u0130M \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130\u201d, \u201cKEBAN HOLD\u0130NG VE ORTAKLARI EROK K\u0130MYA SANAY\u0130 ANON\u0130M \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130\u201ddir.\n
\nElaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da bu d\u00f6nemde, Keban Holding d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli sanayi tesislerinin de kuruldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Esasen Keban baraj\u0131n\u0131n Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019\u0131n sanayile\u015fmesine olan katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri de yeni sanayi dallar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 hususu olmu\u015ftur. <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Elaz\u0131\u011f Kronolojisi<\/h2> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t